: Amanullah sought to build a "New Kabul" south of the old city, headlined by the Darul Aman Palace , intended as a modern parliament building.
: The first steps toward industrialization began with the establishment of the Mashin Khana (workshop/factory) in Kabul, which produced both armaments and everyday goods. 4. Reform, Reaction, and Independence (1919–1929) Kabul: A History 1773-1948
Following the brief and chaotic rule of Habibullah Kalakani, the Musahiban dynasty (beginning with Nadir Shah) restored order. : Amanullah sought to build a "New Kabul"
: While much of the Saduza’i-era architecture has been lost to time and war, the Tomb of Timur Shah remains a prominent landmark in the old city today. : This era saw the first "Afghan women's
: He built the Arg, a massive fortress-palace that remains the seat of Afghan government power.
: This era saw the first "Afghan women's awakening," including the establishment of the Anjumān-i-ḥimāyat-i-niswān (Society for the Protection of Women) in 1928 and the opening of the first hospital and schools for women in Kabul. 5. Stability and Consolidation (1929–1948)
: The move was driven by a need to escape the contentious tribal politics of Kandahar and to better manage territories in India and Central Asia.