: When used, validation is performed on the model object instead of the Action class itself. Implementation Example

In Struts 2, the is a core component that allows an Action class to delegate data handling to a separate model object rather than using its own fields. It is part of the defaultStack of interceptors, meaning it is applied to all actions by default unless manually overridden. Key Functions

: For more complex scenarios, the ScopedModelDrivenInterceptor can retrieve or store models in different scopes like session or request . xml to include or exclude specific features? Model Driven - Apache Struts

: The interceptor ensures that request parameters are bound directly to the model's fields.