: The brain’s resident immune cells. They act as macrophages, scavenging for dead cells, debris, and pathogens.
: These line the brain's ventricles and help produce and circulate cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) using hair-like cilia. Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) neuroglia
: Surround neuron cell bodies in ganglia to provide physical support and regulate their chemical environment. : The brain’s resident immune cells
: The most abundant glial cells. They maintain the blood-brain barrier, regulate the chemical environment (like potassium ions), and provide nutrients like lactate to neurons. Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) : Surround neuron cell
: These cells produce myelin , a fatty sheath that wraps around axons to speed up electrical signals.
: Function similarly to oligodendrocytes by forming myelin sheaths around axons in the PNS, but also aid in nerve regeneration.
Neuroglia are categorized by their location in either the Central Nervous System (CNS) or the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS). Central Nervous System (CNS)